Ngasinye isifundo culminates kwi ulwabiwo nto ayingenisileyo, esikolweni, iphawulwe yi-isikolo ke tutors baza babuyela kuwe nayo nayiphi na afanelekileyo iziphakamiso, izimvo, kwaye ukuba kuyimfuneko, ukufunda okongezelelweyoNabani na imisebenzi kunye nomthetho, ndiya encounter kwaye sebenzisa isemthethweni ngokwe sigama. Oku kuquka wonke umntu ukusuka komthetho amagosa kwaye entolongweni abasebenzi ukuba abaqondisi-mthetho kwaye zabo abasebenzi. Abantu abaninzi baya ngexesha abanye iqonga encounter isemthethweni ulwimi ngexesha abanye iqonga zabo obungunaphakade, nkqu ukuba kuphela xa nomngeni nge uza okanye ukuthenga i-propati. Accountants, bakarhulumente kwaye abaninzi ezinye iingcali kanjalo ibandakanye imiqathango esemthethweni kwi yonke imihla qho. I-ukuqonda isemthethweni ngokwe sigama ngu elikhulu luncedo ngeendlela ezininzi imisebenzi, ecacileyo asethi kuba nabani na ophilayo kwaye nomngeni nabanye kwi-bale mihla ihlabathi. Inkundla Izigwebo umthetho- Abagwebi mthetho njengoko lawmakers, umthetho ayikho ephambili imvelaphi, Meko umthetho (precedent) isetyenziselwa ukucacisa ngemiba. Ikhowudi kwaye auxiliary zonyaka kuzihlawula zonke disputes (hayi precedent), indlu yowiso-Mthetho wenza umthetho, Iijaji dibanisa i-code kwaye isicelo umthetho ongabhalwanga phantsi ngu derived ukususela ngokubanzi imigaqo encompassed ngaphakathi unwritten imithetho England. Ezi nqobo zidaliwe kwaye kancinane ngo-matyala izigqibo kwaye ingaba sele idlule kwi-ngokusebenzisa masiko, esiqhelekileyo ukusetyenziswa, kwaye precedent. Umzimba precedent okanye"imfundiso ka-precedent"usebenza kwaye ibophelela ezowiso elizayo izigqibo. Kwixesha elizayo iimeko, xa amaqela awuvumi kangakanani kwi yintoni umthetho, i-idealized ongabhalwanga phantsi inkundla ijonga elidlulileyo precedential izigqibo ezifanelekileyo iinkundla. Ukuba efanayo imbambano lowo ube usonjululwe kwixesha elidlulileyo, inkundla ebotshiwe ukulandela beqiqa asetyenziswa phambi isigqibo (eli-siseko laziwa stare decisis - Latin kuba"ukuya kuma ngo izinto kugqitywe"). Ngokufanayo Imithetho engekho ngokubanzi codified, njalo ngabo adaptable xa zaziswe kunye entsha iinyaniso okanye ukutshintsha iimeko. Njengoko wachaza ngasentla, isigqibo ngendlela ngoku kuxhomekeko isemthethweni meko kuxhomekeke izigqibo ukusuka edlulileyo iimeko, isiphumo le meko wanga ke yenza ukuba umthetho ukuba isetyenziswe kwixesha elizayo iimeko. Ijaji ke ibophelelekile izigqibo iinkundla ka-superior kolawulo lwesixeko kodwa hayi necessarily ngabo abo inferior iinkundla.
Igama elithi 'zasekuhlaleni umthetho' njengoko a isemthethweni tradition ngqo originated ngesingesi-ukuthetha amazwe kwaye waba osetyenziselwa mali zonke non-isixhosa isemthethweni imicimbi yayo kunye kwaye umahluko kubo isixhosa ongabhalwanga phantsi.
Yoqobo umahluko kukuba, ngokwembali, ongabhalwanga phantsi waye umthetho kwaphuhliswa yi-yesiko, ekuqalekeni phambi kwakukho na ukubhalwa imithetho kwaye siqhubeke kuba isetyenziswe yi-iinkundla emva kwakukho ebhaliweyo (okanye codified) imithetho.
Zasekuhlaleni umthetho kwaphuhliswa ngaphandle Roman umthetho Justinian ke Corpus Juris Civilis (Umzimba Zasekuhlaleni Umthetho). Legislators kwaye administrators kwiindawo zasekuhlaleni umthetho amazwe sebenzisa ezi iimfundiso ezingeyonyani ukuba fashion a ikhowudi ngawo zonke isemthethweni controversies ingaba kugqitywe. Kukho ngoku eziliqela ngokubanzi olwamkelekileyo inkqubo ephantsi-amaqela zasekuhlaleni umthetho, nangona ingezizo zonke zasekuhlaleni ngumthetho nezomthetho neatly ukungena kwi ezi: isifrentshi zasekuhlaleni umthetho: Isetyenziswe kwi-France, Belgium, Luxembourg, Italy, Spain kwaye yangaphambili colonies abo amazwe isijamani zasekuhlaleni umthetho: Isetyenziswe kwi-Germany, Austria, Senegal, Greece, Brazil, i-Portugal, e-Turkey, Japan, i-South Korea, kwaye Republic of China (Sasetaiwan), Njalo-ngokuba 'mixed iindlela' dibanisa imiba zombini ngokufanayo kwaye zasekuhlaleni umthetho iindlela, afana imithetho America, Louisiana, Quebec, Persia, Jamaicaname kwaye Umzantsi Afrika.
Kwi-mthetho, codification ngu inkqubo ukuqokelela kwaye restating umthetho a kolawulo lwesixeko kwaye forming a isemthethweni ikhowudi.
Codification ngu-ngu-hayi kuthethwa ukucacisa uxanduva lwemimandla uphawu a zasekuhlaleni umthetho indlela. Umzekelo, Sweden nezinye Scandinavian amazwe musa kulilawula expansive codes ukuba characterise i-isijamani kwaye isifrentshi Zasekuhlaleni umthetho iindlela. Ngokulondolozayo, abaninzi ongabhalwanga phantsi imida kuba codified iindawo zabo umthetho. Umahluko phakathi zasekuhlaleni umthetho ongabhalwanga phantsi lies hayi nje umthetho ka-codification, kodwa kanjalo kwi-methodological indlela codes nemimiselo. Kwiindawo zasekuhlaleni umthetho amazwe, umthetho ngu ebone njengoko ephambili imvelaphi umthetho kwaye iinkundla isiseko zabo judgements kwi izibonelelo kwaye imigaqo ezinikezelwe kwi-codes kwaye imifanekiso eqingqiweyo. Ongabhalwanga phantsi iindlela sebenzisa meko umthetho njengoko enkulu (kodwa hayi exclusive) imvelaphi umthetho. Imfundiso le okunokukhethwa kuko kwamagunya inxenye amaziko karhulumente kwi amasebe amathathu: lowiso-mthetho, oluphezulu kwaye-matyala. Yowiso-mthetho enza imithetho esinolawulo oluphezulu ukubeka imithetho kulo msebenzi ezomthetho interprets imithetho kwithuba elilelona lifanelekileyo imeko, amagunya nemisebenzi ngamnye ingaba intended ukuba abe ezahlukeneyo kwaye ukuba abe bamthwala ngaphandle nge eyahlukileyo yabasebenzi. Akukho enye i-arhente kufuneka basebenzise uzalise igunya kwaye ngamnye kufuneka interdependent kwelinye. Injongo yeli ukwahlulwa amandla ngu ukunqanda absolutism (ezifana phakathi kwawo monarchies okanye dictatorships apho onke amasebe ingaba concentrated ugcinwe igunya) okanye urhwaphilizo lwayo oluvela amathuba ukuba unchecked inikezela amandla. Imfundiso ngu eyandisiweyo ukwenza ezintathu amasebe ukuba enze njengoko iqinisekisa kwaye esingangezelelwanga ngamnye enye. Ngalinye isebe ke ukuzimela ngokuphonononga ukugcina abanye ukusuka olugqithileyo zabo amandla. Oku kuqinisekisa umthetho umthetho kwaye ngokuphonononga ukukhusela umntu amalungelo I-nangumsinga-siseko we-okunokukhethwa kuko kwamagunya ngamanzi acociweyo ngokwahlukileyo phantsi iindlela ezahlukeneyo, umthetho. I-okunokukhethwa kuko kwamagunya kwi-USA, umzekelo, differs ukususela oko e-Australia, France okanye Mexico. Ngamnye isizwe sele differing loluntu kwaye ezopolitiko imicimbi yayo ukuba impembelelo indlela uyasetyenziswa. Ezi zinto zilandelayo umzekelo inika amavandlakanya i-ugqityo ye-Australian indlela Okunokukhethwa kuko kwamagunya Isetyenziswe - Australian Umthetho Indlela Phantsi Westminster System (ezasepalamente inkqubo karhulumente E-Australia yamkelwa kwaye adapted evela Engilane) yinyaniso okunokukhethwa kuko kwamagunya yakhe ezimiseleyo ifomu akusebenzi ngokupheleleyo zikho. Ngexesha ezintathu amasebe karhulumente zikho (indlu yowiso-mthetho ukwimo parliaments oluphezulu ifomu ye-mphathiswa kwaye amasebe karhulumente kunye nee-arhente ngabo eliphathiswe kwaye kwiinkundla okanye lwabagwebi kwaye iinkundla), ubufundisi (okanye oluphezulu) uyalingana ukusuka kwaye unoxanduva ukuba ipalamente (indlu yowiso-mthetho) kukho omkhulu yaba ka-interconnection kuzo zombini yabasebenzi kunye namanyathelo. I-okunokukhethwa kuko kwiinkundla, nangona kunjalo, ngakumbi ecacileyo.
